制度互补与电力市场化改革

我国电力改革选择了从发电环节的改革开始，经重组国家电力公司、实行厂网分离，到实行电价改革的渐进式策略。这一策略虽然因其速度缓慢、终端用户无法分享改革利益而备受批评，但它使社会付出了较低的“无序成本”。随着供求关系的缓解．电力产业应强化制度互补作用，尽快改变改革在发电、输电、配电、售电各个环节之间进展不平衡的状况，着力实现配电和售电分离。在售电环节引入竞争机制．探索与市场化改革相适应的监管体制和交易方式，解决电源结构不合理、电力发电输电配电效率低、负外部性等深层次问题，最终建立有效监管的电力市场．使市场在电力资源的配置上发挥更大作用。     

产业竞争优势模型:基于黑龙江省绿色食品产业的实证研究

自1990年以来我国绿色食品产业呈持续快速发展态势,对农产品出口发挥了重要作用.但产业市场集中度低、企业规模小、驰名品牌少和品牌杂乱等问题制约着产业和企业进一步发展,归结为一点就是产业竞争优势不明显.本文应用钻石体系理论,建立竞争优势评价模型,并以黑龙江省为例分析和检验,得出竞争优势指数和影响因素权重,并提出对有竞争优势的要素进行优化和对有比较劣势的要素进行改进,以达到提高产业竞争优势的目的.     

Financial statement data in assessing the future potential of a technology firm: The case of Nokia

The paper introduces a financial statement method to assess the future potential of a firm. First, the last strategic steady phase is identified. Second, growth rate for total expenditure is estimated (growth process). Third, the revenue generating potential of total expenditure is evaluated by a distributed lag function (revenue-generating process). This function is used to recalculate expenses and assets using alternative depreciation theories. Third, financial behavior is modeled by analyzing financial assets, taxation, interest expenses and revenues, and dividends (financial process). Fourth, these processes are used to assess the future potential. The method is illustrated by the case of Nokia for the period 1990-2000.     

电网企业优化购电成本方法研究与实证分析

通过购电成本结构分析,指出了当前发电计划编制及执行中存在的问题和当前发电计划编制对电网购电费的影响。重点研究了有关降低电网购电成本的方法及实证,并为政府价格相关部门提出创建节能型社会的政策建议。     

电力建设法制环境的调查与思考

通过到基层电力企业厂、局考察了解,目前电力事业呈现稳步快速发展趋势,但电力建设面临的法制环境还不尽人意。如执法体制不顺,执法难以到位,部门各自为政,支持配合不够:阻工现象严重,延误建设工期;冲击电力企业,扰乱工作秩序;设施破坏严重,危及电力安全,经济损失巨大等等,为此提出了一些改善环境的意见和建议。     

论小型冷热电联产

介绍了小型冷热电联产系统的特点和主要设备的现状.阐述了如何在西气东输的前提下,大力发展以小型、清洁冷热电联产为代表的第二代能源系统,促进国民经济的发展.     

野生纤维之王——罗布麻

文章阐述了罗布麻纤维的物质组成、形态结构,探索了提取罗布麻纤维的初加工工艺流程,分析了其药用价值和纺织保健开发价值。     

Research on Basic Design Education: An International Survey

This paper reports on the results of a survey and qualitative analysis on the teaching of ‘Basic Design’ in schools of design and architecture located in 22 countries. In the context of this research work, Basic Design means the teaching and learning of design fundamentals that may also be commonly referred to as the Principles of Two- and Three-dimensional Design. The body of knowledge associated with Basic Design may be regarded as part of the general theory of teaching and learning design as practiced in many design schools and which has its origins in the classical design schools such as the Bauhaus. In the author’s perception and practice, the pedagogy of Basic Design promotes a holistic, creative and experimental methodology that develops the learning style and cognitive abilities of students with respect to the fundamental principles of design. This includes an understanding of the elements of shape, colour, texture, light, and rhythm in a manner complementary but usually unrelated to the common design methods teaching approach. As is well known among design practitioners, including architects and industrial designers, a deep understanding of the purpose of these fundamental design elements and principles is still relevant to contemporary design practice. The main objective of the research described in this paper was to determine the status and development of Basic Design pedagogy in a significant number of contemporary design schools. On the basis of the results of two surveys conducted in 2001–2002, this paper will identify and illustrate interesting aspects concerning the programmes and organisation of courses delivered by teachers of ‘Basic Design’. This work will also survey the viewpoints of Basic Design teachers in elementary years of design courses and of those teaching design through projects during the subsequent years of the same courses. Interestingly, the design project teachers surveyed in this research expressed a desire to be more involved in the teaching of Basic Design fundamentals which indicates strongly that Basic Design principles are still relevant in contemporary design education terms as they have ever been and that more research is needed in order to better understand and apply the related pedagogy.     

Transferring and Transforming Technology Education: A Study of Norwegian Teachers’ Perceptions of Ideas from Design & Technology

What happens when educational ideas cross national and cultural borders? How do teachers respond to ideas originating in a different school system and a different national culture? This article reports on an empirical study investigating the transfer of ideas from Design &; Technology as a subject in England and Wales into Norwegian schools. A sample of teachers participating in a specific project on technology teaching inspired by this subject has been studied by means of interviews and classroom observation. Results of the study show that while some elements of Design &; Technology are adopted by the teachers, essential ideas of the subject are significantly transformed. Drawing on Barnes, (1992, Teachers and Teaching: From Classrooms to Reflection (pp. 9–32), The Falmer press, London) concept of teachers' professional frames for teaching, it is shown how specific aspects of the national and educational culture have had a considerable effect on?the teachers' interpretation of the nature of technology as a subject of teaching and its place in the curriculum. The study illustrates the importance of the cultural context in how educational ideas are interpreted, reshaped and realized in schools.     

火电厂生产经营风险控制管理

对火电厂目前面临的主要生产经营风险及其特点进行了介绍,在此基础上,论述了进行风险控制的必要性,提出了火电厂生产经营风险控制的总体对策和具体应对方法。